There are many different types of reactions which include
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Corrosion of metals. Eg. The rusting of iron
Iron + water + oxygen
rust
4 Fe(s) + 6 H2O(l) + 3 O2(g)
4 Fe(OH)3(s)
Iron(III) hydroxide, Fe(OH)3 then dehydrates to produce Fe2O3.nH2O(s) or rust
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Combustion: Eg. The burning of fossil fuels
Methane + oxygen
Carbon dioxide + water
CH4(g) + O2(g)
CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
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Acid and base : Eg. Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide
Sodium chloride + water
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)
NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
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Acid and carbonate: Eg. Vinegar and bicarb of soda
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Acid and active metal: This type of reaction is also called a single displacement reaction. Eg. The dissolving of magnesium ribbon in hydrochloric acid.
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Precipitation: This type of reaction is also called a double displacement reaction. Eg. Mixing colorless lead nitrate and potassium iodide to yellow produce lead iodide.
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Decomposition: Eg. Hydrogen peroxide being broken down into water and oxygen
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Synthesis: Eg. The burning of magnesium in air to produce magnesium oxide.
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Displacement: Eg. The production of copper wool by from steel wool being placed into a solution of copper sulphate.
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Redox (Reduction/ Oxidation): Eg. Making a battery.
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Condensation: Eg. Glucose and Fructose producing sucrose
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Dehydration: Eg. Adding concentrated sulphuric acid to sugar
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Substitution: Eg. Bromine reacting with octane in the presence of UV light.
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Addition: Eg. Adding bromine to cyclohexene
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Polymerisation: Eg. making Nylon, polyethylene
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Fermentation: Eg. The making of wine
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Exothermic: Eg. The thermite reaction is used to weld rail tracks together. The reaction is so hot molten iron is produced!
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Endothermic: Eg. An ice pack. Mix the contents inside the packet and the mixture becomes cold